Hih ‘Khuak Pilna Ding: Sakol Khekhap’ cih thului pen ‘Cidamna Ding Sungkung Manpha Pawlkhat’ cih laibu sung pan a kila ahi hi. Tua laibu sungah a kigelh singkung manphatna thute pen, scientific findings a kici mipilte in kancianna (research) abawlna tung tawnin a kimu khia thute siksanin a kigelh ahi hi. Sakol Khekhap bek ahilo, Thawhbat, Zawngtah, Tawsaw, a kipan singkung dangdangte manphatna zong himun ah kigelh hi.
Table of Contents
ANUNG THU
Kiim le paam phattuamna ding apiak theih sangin, cidamna ding apiak theihte huhau in a kithei zaw sikung lopa tampi sung panin Sakol khekhap zongh khatin kihel hi. Sakol khekhap pen Mikangte in ‘pennywort’ ci uh aa, ateh om zia pen sum-tang (penny) tawh kibangh in, amel pen zu-ning mel pian ahih manin sumtang + zu-ning cihnopna ‘pennywort’ aci uh ahi hi. Zomite in ‘Sakol khekhap’ ih ci aa, ih pu ih pate in, ateh siiknei-in a beem lilep pen, sakol khema tawh kibangh ahih manin, Sakol khekhap aci uh hikha dingin ka um hi.
Sakol khekhap a kimuh cilna pen Asia khanglam hi, kici aa, ahi zongin amun amual a kician lianin ciamtehna omlo hi. Tua bangin a kician lianin ciaptehna-a omloh hangin, mi tampi takin China gam kiim hi dingin ki um hi. Banghang hiam cih leh, mikim phialin ‘lingsi’ ci aa ih theih, ‘Lingzhi’[1] pen tanglai-in China mi, Li Ching-Yun[2] a kicipa ii bawl hi aa, amah kum 256 cidamin, a zatui bawlte’ sungah Sakol khekhap mun tampi ah kihelin, tua pen zatui-in zat theih lian dingin Sakol khekhap a kibawl masa pente hi dingin ki um hi. Thamlo in, Sakol khekhap tawh kisai ama gelhna sungah ‘Nuntakna Zu’ng’ cihnopna ‘Source of Life’ ci-in genteh hi. Tua dung zui-in, China-ah tua hun lai-in ‘fo ti tieng’ ci-in minthang vangvanga-a khiatna pen ‘khangmoina tui’ cihnopna hi-in, Sakol khekhap pan kibawl zatui namkhat ahi hi.
Tua bangin China pan kipanin Sakol khekhap a manphatna kithei toto in minthang toto aa leitung bup a zelhzo suak hi. Ahi zongin tuahun ma pek, tangtawng hun lai-in Sri Lanka ah King Aruna[3] a kici pa in Sakol khekhap cidamna dingin na zang ngei aa, Sakol khekhap pen‘pilna leh thahatna bukim’ ci-in tangko ngei hi. Ahi zongin, Li Ching-Yun zahin lawhcing lo ahih manin amah a kithei khollo suak hi. A kitheih kholloh hangin, tua hunlai-in, Sri Lanka kiim tengah minthang vangvang aa, Sakol khekhap ne lehang, cidamin kipil hi, ci-in um uh hi. Tua bangin, China te leh India te in tanglai-in Sakol Khekap cidamna dingin na nakzat mahmah uh aa, tuni dongin Indiate in Ayurvedic ngeina sungah a kihel tua Sakol khekhap pen mang zatui sangin amuangzaw tampi tak omlai hi.
Hih a tunga mi masa nihte tungtawnin Sakol khekhap a manphatna leh a thupina kithei-in, tuni dong, mikim in Sakol khekhap pen ‘cidamna dingin hoih hi’ ci-in a kithei ciat ahi hi.
AMANPHATNA
Mikangte in paunak khat na nei uh aa, “ni khat Sakol khekhap tehnih in nakhan hong moi sak ding (two leaves of pennywort a day keeps your old age away).” Ci uh hi. Tua zah khatin, khansauna dingin Sakol khekhap in bangciang hong huh thei cih, mipilte’ lam pan khancianna bulphuh muh khiatna-a om lian nailoh hangin, mi tampi takin, Sakol khekhap manmanin ne lehang, khansau thei hi, ci-in um uh hi. Thamlo in, meima tuamtuam, vun natna tuamtuam, liamna tuamtuam, phaak natna, leh cisa natna dongah Sakol khekhap in damsak thei hi, ci-in tanglai ngeina[4] zui-in ki um hi.
Sydney University panin mi 20 bulphuh in kancianna-abawlna uh ah, Sakol khekhap neekna huhau in 60% lungsim siang (khuak siang) in, 64% leuleu pen, liamna tuamtuam pan noptuamna kimu aa, 16% bangh pen liamna pan damsiang hi. India-ah Dr. M.V.R. Appa Rao[5] in a kancianna-ah, naupang mi 15, Sakol khekhap kigawivui 500 mg ta ni khatin khatvei manmanin pia aa, kha thum sung tua bangin ahih khit nungah tua naupangte ii thu ciamteh theihna, thu khat peuhpeuh lunglut zawhna, thu ngaihsutna manlangna pen ahuam pi-in, IQ[6] 4.6% bangh khang hi, ci-in mu khia hi. Tua-amuh khiat thu a sitcian uh ciangin, Sakol khekhap in ih khuak sunga neurotransmitter[7] te ii nasepna thahatsak aa, tua huhau in, khuakpilna kibehlap sak hi, ci-in kipsak uh hi. Thamlo in, Sakol khekhap in beta-amyloid[8] a kici dat ii nasepna khaktan ahih manin, mihai (mi pongmanlo) te zong dam sak thei hi.
Thamlo in, Sakol khekhap leh khuak kizopna tawh kisai zusa zangin kancianna a kibawl tampi om khin aa, tuate in zong Sakol khekhap in lungnuam sakin, khuak zong siangtho sak leh na-vaak sak aa, ciamteh theihna tha hat sak hi, ci-in mu uh hi. A lunglut huai thu khat ah, lungsim na-vak na dingin na-anaaksep mahmah coffee hi aa, tua pen caffeine dat a sungah a om hang hi-in, hih dat leuleu pen Sakol khekhap sungah kimulo hi.
Hi bangin cidamna ding leh khuak hat na dingin phattuamna tampi tak hong pia thei Sakol khekhap in kiim le pam a dingin bang danin phattuamna bawl thei hiam cih a theihnop huai thu khat hi leuleu hi. Sakol khekhap in nitrate[9]a kici dat namte pen a khanna ding leh ahoihna dingin a zat penpen khat ahi hi. Tua nitrate pen tui sungah tam lua leh Ngasate in sih lawh thei hi. Tua-ahih manin, Ngasa khawina bualtui ah Sakol khekhap ciing lehang Ngasa-a ding ahoih mahmah khat hipah hi. Thamlo in, Ngasa-atui hun tak ciangin zong Sakol khekhap zungkawm leh ateh kawmte ah tui nuam phadeuh hi. Sakol khekhap in tui sungah huih khah thei ahih manin, tui sungah a nungta Ngasa leh a dangdang ganhingte a dingin manpha mahmah leuleu hi. Sakol khekhap pen huih niin (CO2) a huup hat mahmah citciat ahih manin, tuisung ganhingte bek hilo, mihingte a dingin zong huih siangtho ngahna dingin tha apia mahmah khat suak pah hi. Ahi zongin, Sakol khekhap pen ki ciantakin ciiingin puah kei lehang, koilo tengah kizelhin zaam gawp kawikawi thei aa, nawngkaaina tampi tak piangsak thei leuleu hi.
ZAT PAH THEIH DING PAWLKHAT
1. Ihmut nuam ding, khansau ding
Sakol khekhap ateh bek hilo, azung tawh la in niliim ah keusakin, tua khitciang, neel takin gawivui-in khuaizu tawh diah in, nitaak lupkuan ciang niangtui sikkeu khatta khawngta dawn zel le hang, ankam limin, ihmutnuam a, cidamin khansau sak thei hi, ci-in Chinate in tangtawng panin um uh hi. Thamlo in, Kawlte ngeina zatui zatzia sungah zongh tua bang mah in kigelh hi.
2. Zunsiip
Zunsiip thei zihzehte in, a tunga nambat khatna danin Sakol khekhap a kivuisak tawh kawltu tokkhawmin dawn leh hoih hi, ci-in, Isabell Shipard[10] in a laibu ‘Nisim Nuntakna-ah Lopate Bangci Zat Ding…’ a kici sungah gelh citciat hi.
3. Khuak tawh nasep gim
Computer khawng zangin nasep gimte ahi aa, thatang zanglo in khuak zangin nasep agimte in, Sakol khekhap neek zelzel ding kisam hi. A diakin, Sakol khekhap numbat (1) na bangin a kivuisak leh cikhum (Sakol khekhap vui 2: cikum 1) helin, tui so tawh tokin dawn zelzel lehang khuak zangin nasep gimte a dingin hoih mahmah hi ci-in, Indiate neih Vedas sungah kigelh hi. Ahi zongin, dawn khatin a tamlua dawn ding hoihlo hi, ci hi.
4. Mitha hatlo maw?
Sakol khekhap manmanin ane khat a mitha hatin, amit cidam ding hi ci-in, 2013, 2015 kum sungin a kibawl mipilte’ kancianna tung tawnin kimu thei hi. Ahi zongin, ahang kician tak leh kicing takin muh beh ding kisam lai hi, ci-in kingaihsun hi.
5. Meima tuamtuam
Pumpi tungah bangmalo pi-in meima apiang mawkmawkte Sakol khekhap teh tawh tuam le hang dam thei hi. Meima zungnei in adamhak mahmah te Sakol khekhap leh Seekteh gawizaan khawmin tuamcip lehang zongh hoih thei hi, ci-in Kawl zatui ngeina-ah kigelh hi. Thamlo in, liamna khat peupeuh leh meima khat peuhpeuh Sakol khekhap numbat khatna danin a kikeusak nuh zelzel lehang dam baih hi.
6. Guhnatna tuamtuam
Sente zatui zat ngeina-ah, Sakol khekhapteh pan akisuk khia atuite leh meitui (kerosene) helin nuh zelzel lehang, guh natna tuamtuam dam thei hi, ci citciat hi. Mipilte’ kancianna-ah, Sakol khekhap ateh hing ni khatin teh-nih teh-thum bang manman in a nete in, thagui leh guh le tangna (gentehna: laybetna) cihte phawklo ding hi, ci hi.
7. Paumawl/pau-awkte leh lungsim cinglote
Isabell Shipard gelh ‘Nisim Nuntakna-ah Lopate Bangci Zat Ding…’ sungah, paumawl leh pau-awkte in, khanih sung bangh Sakol khekhap a hingin nikhat nihvei peuhmah atam theithei-in ne leh dam zo hi, ci citciat hi. Pawlmawl leh pau-awk ciang bek hilo in, ahai piante zong Sakol khekhap nene leh hoih thei kha ding hi, ci-in gelh hi.
8. IQ hatlo diakte
Li Ching Yun’ tangthu agelh Yang Sen a kici pa in a laibu sungah; “pilna dingin Li Ching Yun in, Sakol khekhap tawh kisai agenna-ah; ateh leh azung keusakin a kivuisak, cikhum bawngnawi tawh tok in ne lehang khuak pil hi, ci hi,” ci-in gelh hi. Mipilte in a kancianna leuleu ah, cikhum ahi aa, bawngnawi ahi zongin, bang mah hello uh hi. Bangmah tawh a kihelkei zongin hih Sakol khekhap in lungciimna, khuak hatna, pilna cihte hong pia thei hi, ci-in mu uh hi. Ahi zongin, tua muhna tawh kisai a kicing zaw in kancianna-a om ding kisamlai hi.
1. Nattun-Malaria
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences cih laibu sungah nung deuh mahmah aa muh thak thu a kisuahsakna-ah, nattun natna tawh kisai-in zusa zangin Sakol khekhap tawh bawl uh aa, Sakol khekhap in nattun damsak thei hi, ci-in mu khia uh hi. Hih muh khiatna tawh kisai-in, a kicing zawin kancianna bawl ding tampi kisamlai, baan ah mihingte’ tungah a kisin hilo ahih manin muan theih lian hi nai samlo hi. Ahi zongin mihingte’ tungah zong zusate’ tungah a kisin daan mah hi dingin lametna kinei hi.
2. Tohkwai-H1N1
2009 kum aa natna lamdang a minthang vangvang tohkwai nam khat ahi H1N1 lungno suksiat zawhna ding a kisam thahatna pen Sakol khekhap sungah om citciat hi. Tua mah tawh kizui-in, Sakol khekhap panin tua natna bawlna ding zatui a kibawl zong om khinta hi. H1N1 bek hilo, natgual (tohkwai) natna tuamtuam pen Sakol khekhap ne zelzel lehang, ngah ding haksa-aa, ih ngah phial zongin ki dam baih hi, ci-in Isabell Shipard gen hi.
3. Sikhang natna
2015 kumin mipilte in a kancianna uh ah, sikhang natna aneite in Sakkol khekhap niangteh zatin zangin dawn zelzel leh hoih mahmah hi, ci-in mu khia uh hi. Thamlo in, hi bangin Sakol khekhap niangteh dawnin dawn lehang, thauna bei-in pumpi tangzang sak hi, ci-in mu khia uh hi.
4. Gilna, gilpi meima
Sakol khekhap in gilna damsak thei aa, gilpi meima na ngawn damsak thei hi. Zingsang simin khuai zu leh Sakol khekhap (ateh, azung) helin dawn le hang, dam thei hi. A lunglutte in numbat khatna bangin bawlin dawn thei ding hi. Hih pen India, China, leh Kawlte’ ngeina bulphuh zatui zatziate ah kigelh hi.
5. Khuak cancer
Sakol khekhap sungah a om asiatic acid[11]a kici dat khatin khuak sungah sikhal ding dal theihna tha nei bek thamlo in, khuak sungah antioxidant nasep sem sak thei ahih manin, khuak sungah apiang thei cancer natnate Sakol khekhap in dal thei leh damsak thei dingin uphuai hi. Tua-ahih manin, Sakol khekhap manmanin neek huai hi, ci-in, mipilte in lametna nei uh hi.
SAKOL KHEKHAP CIIN ZIA DING
Sakol khekhap ciin zia ding pen a lamdang deuh a kisam omlo aa, zong hing baihin nungta baih ahih manin, ciin ding a ol mahmah khat ahi hi. Ahi zongin ahuampi-in Sakol khekhap in tungsung nuamsa-aa, buan ciak lak ah zaam nuam hi. Ama deih khua hun ahih leh; khualumna 20°C pan 30°C kikaal ahi hi. Ahi zongin, Sakol khekhap in alum, avot zo mahmah hi. Sakol khekhap ciinna ding mun pen ahih theih leh pH 6 pan 7 kikaal bangh hileh hoih aa, ahi zongin hih sang aniam zaw leh a sang zaw deuh ah zong nungta zo hi. Tuipi maitang pan pi 7000 dongah Sakol khekhap nungta zo hi.
SAKOL KHEKHAP LEH APAWLTE
Sakol khekhap leh akibatpih a dangdang lopa (herb) namte khempeuh pen Apiaceae ci-in (Botanists) mipilte in min napia uh aa, a kibang/aki-innkuan/akibeh khat cihnopna ‘family’ ci uh hi. Tua sungah nam 434 val omin, tuate pen beh kibang phung kidang cihnopna ‘genus (genera)’ kici hi. Tuate them cikcik a kilamdanna uh tawh kizui-in kikhen suk leuleu aa, kimusa 3700 om suk leuleu hi. Tuate pen acii-tuam ciat cihnopna ‘species’ kici hi. Tua zeizaite sungah Sakol khekhap zong khatin akihel hi-in, Sakol khekhap nam (varieties) pen 30 val om hi, kici hi. Kawlgam ah Sakol khekhap nam bang zah taktak om cih, kancianna kician om nailo hi. Hih laibu sungah ih bulphuh pen anuai aa Sakol khekhap namte ahi hi.
Family : Apiaceae
Genus : Centella
Species : asiatica
Scientific Name : Centella asiatica L.
Mikang : Pennywort
Kawl : Myinn khwar
Tedim : Sakol khekhap
[1] Lingzhi pen papak nam khat hi aa, zatui zaha dingin kimanna-anei mahmah khat ahi hi. A diakin Lingzhi pen, thagui thazang leh guh le tangte anat ciangin kinuh dingin a kibawl zatuite lak ah ahoih penin a kiciamteh ahi hi. Abawl thei masa penpen pen Li Ching-Yun ahi hi.
[2] Li Ching-Yun pen Sen (China) te hi-in, singkung lopate zatui aa zatzia ding tawh kisai ah mipil mahmah in a minthang khat leh, pumpi cidamna dingin kimawl zia tuamtuam zong a siamin a minthang vangvang khat ahi hi. Sen zatui tampitak bawlin, zong azuak pah khat hi aa, 1933 kumin si-in, a sih laitak apian kum 256 pha aa-a sih ciangin nisim thukizakna minthang pen khat ahi New York Times ah kicing takin kisuaksak pah hi. Zi 24 nei-in, asih laitak, a zite 14 damlai hi. A khan sungin ta 180 nei hi. A sihma, kum 200 aphak laitak ciangciang laihilh in kizang aa, tuhun bang hileh professor za zongh a kipia hi-in, kum 200 bang phata hi napi lai ahilh ciang, nai 3 sung bang tawlnga lo in thu gen zo hi, kici hi. Ama zatui minthang tampite’ sungah Lingzhi (lingsii) zong kihel hi.
[3] King Aruna ahih kei leh Aruna pen Hidu biaknate in pasian khatin abiak uh hi aa, ni pasian (sun god) ci uh hi. Amah pen Garuda (Garuda kua cih laibu mailam ah ih gen cian khin hi) ii a u hi-in, Sampati leh Jatayu a kici ta nih nei hi.
[4] Tanglai ngeina ih cih ciangin, tuhun aa ih zat mang zatuite dan ahilo in, ngeina zui a kibawl zatui namte a gennuam ih hi hi.
[5] Dr. M.V.R. Appa Rao pen a bulpi-in bil, nak, gawl cih te pawl tawh kisai natnate a thei siavuan minthang khat ahi hi. India-ah a kithei khat leh a kimuang khat hi aa, siavuan nengneng pawlkhat tawh kithuah in kancianna tuamtuam zong tampi bawl hi.
[6] IQ pen a ki cingin intelligence quotient cihna hi-in, mipil William Stern a kici German mite khat ii phuah hi aa, mihingte ii thu theihna, pilna, thu ciamteh theihnate tehna ahi hi.
[7] Neurotransmitter pen Facebook Messager ci aa lai khawng ih kikhak ziauziau danin ih khuak leh ih pumpi sungah thu le la-a hawmsawn khawikhawi nasep asem ahi hi. Neuro a kici aryonkyaw te panin, thu le la khempeuh cell te tungah puak hi. Tua hangin transmitter ahih keileh a hawmsawn (a gensawn) cih kammal tawh a kizom ahi hi.
[8] Beta-amyloid pen amino acid nam khat ahi hi. Alzheimer natna a kici, khuakin hoihtak na sem theilo in, thu ciamteh theilo, kam na ngawn hoihtak pau theilo, cih bangin khauk tawh kisai natna-aneite pen hih beta-amyloid hang hi phadeuh thei aa, tua bang natna aneite’ khuak sungah beta-amloid tampi omin, atua ii bawl aa-a khuak a kisia-ahi hi.
[9] Nitrate pen dat namkhat hi aa, nitrite pan apiang hi-in, tua nitrite leuleu pen nitrifying bacteria akici lungno (bacteria) nam khat pan apiang ahi hi. Tua nitrate pen tui sungah tamlua leh Ngasate in lelin puul thei hi. Ahi zongin, singkung lopate in tua nitrate pen amau nuntakna dingin zang leuleu hi. Tua bang sung panin singkung dangte sangin Sakol khekap in, nitrate nak zat phadeuh hi.
[10] Isabell Shipard pen Australia gammi singkung lopate a it ngiat mi khat ahi hi. Singkung lopate a it luatna huhau in pasal aneih ciang, khuapi sung ah ateng kimlai, khuata gamnawl khat ah taii-in, anupa un huan bawl uh hi. Amah pen mipil (scientist) hilo in, siavuan (doctor) zong hilo hi. Ahih hangin, singkung lopate ii thupina leh, singkung lopate in mihingte’ a dingin phattuamna hong piak theih thute tawh kisai bekbek laibu tampi bawl in, tuate sung panin leitung bup ah a minthang bu (8) bangh om zen hi. Amah pen mi’ gen a ngai leh a gensawn ciang hilo in, amah ngiat in hoih maw hoihlo cih sinin a zangh ciatciat pawl ahi hi. 1944 kumin suakin, 2014 kumin leitung nusia hi.
[11] Asiatic acid pen a tomin (AA) kici aa, acid dat nam khat hi-in, singkung lopate’ sungah atam, atawm them ciat om hi. Tua bang sung panin, Sakol khekhap sungah hih ‘AA’ pen lopa dangte’ sungah a om zah sangin tam omzaw hi.
Pennywort is a name used for various plants worldwide, typically characterized by their round leaves and low growth.
In Asia, it often refers to the edible Asiatic pennywort, Centella asiatica, which is also known as centella, Indian pennywort, or gotukola.
In Europe, it can mean Navelwort, Umbilicus rupestris, a succulent plant with several common names like penny-pies and kidneywort.
Other types include water pennywort from the genus Hydrocotyle, which has many names, including floating pennywort and marsh pennywort, and the liver leaf, Anemone hepatica. Overall, pennywort encompasses a variety of plants with similar features.
